名    称:南宋兔毫盏

数    量:     一  件     

合作方式:    议  价

关于建盏行情的记述，在宋代的文献中只有一处记载。宋代建阳人祝穆在其《方舆胜览》书中记载：“毫色异者土人谓之毫变者，其价甚高，且艰得之。”意思是说，有一款被称之为“毫变盏”的建盏非常难得，市场价格也非常高。这是什么斑纹的盏目前业界内充满了各种猜测，有人说这指的是曜变盏，有人说这描述的是铁锈斑盏，也有人说就是变异的兔毫盏，到底长啥样，不得而知。通过这段技术，至少说明了一个现象，宋代有一种叫“毫变盏”的建盏非常难得，市场价非常贵，有钱也买不到！言外之意，这款盏应当很受喜欢。与之佐证的是，宋徽宗有一只这样的建盏，《宣和遗事》记载了公元 1112年宋徽宗隆重赐宴蔡京时，“以惠山泉、建溪异毫盏、烹新贡太平嘉瑞茶赐蔡京饮之”。

About the description of the Jian Zhan market, only one record in the Song Dynasty literature. Zhu Mu, a man from Jianyang in the Song Dynasty, recorded in his book Fang Yu Sheng Lan: "The Turen who is different in color is the one who is different in color, and the price is very high and difficult." That is to say, there is a model called "Haochangzhan" which is very rare and has a very high market price. There is a lot of speculation about what this is. Some people say it refers to a variegated breviscapus, some say it describes an iron rust spot, and some say it is a mutated rabbit breviscapus. Through this technique, at least one phenomenon is explained. In the Song Dynasty, there was a kind of built cup called "He-Bian cup", which was very rare. Its market price was very high, and even if you have money, you could not buy it! Between the lines, this one should be very popular. As proof, Song Huizong had such a cup. According to the Book of Xuanhe's Remains, when Song Huizong gave Cai Jing a grand banquet in 1112, "he drank from it with Huishan Spring, Jianxi Xiehao cup, and cooked new tribute Taiping Jiarui tea".

“毫变盏”难得，但是在宋代，兔毫盏无疑是最受宋代大众欢迎的产品。这是不争的史实，从宋代的著作茶诸和茶诗词的描述中，这点得到了充分的验证。蔡襄在《北苑十咏· 试茶》咏道：“兔毫紫瓯新，蟹眼青泉煮。” 苏轼《送南屏谦师 》诗曰“忽惊午盏兔毫斑，打作春瓮鹅儿酒。 ”宋徽宗赵佶《宫词》诗曰“兔毫连盏烹云液，能解红颜入醉乡。”廖刚《次韵卢骏给事试茶》诗：“蟹眼翻云连色起，兔毫扶雪带香浮。”黄庭坚《西江月》词：“兔褐金丝宝碗，松风蟹眼新汤。”陆游《烹茶》 诗：“兔瓯试玉尘，香色两超胜。”《闲中》 诗“活眼砚凹宜墨色，长毫瓯小聚茶香。 ”诸如此类的描述甚多，对兔毫盏褒奖比比皆是，兔毫盏也几乎成为宋代建盏的代名词。尤其是到了宋徽宗时期，其《大观茶论》在对盏的论述中，直言“盏色贵青黑，玉毫条达者为上……”以皇帝之尊，宋徽宗一言九鼎，将兔毫盏摆在了建盏一哥的位置。

"Haochangbao" is rare, but in the Song Dynasty, rabbit Haochangbao is undoubtedly the most popular product of the Song Dynasty. This is an indisputable historical fact, which has been fully verified by the descriptions of tea books and tea poems in the Song Dynasty. Cai Xiang in the "Beiyuan ten yong · tea test" said: "rabbit purple ou new, crab eye green spring boiled." Su Shi "sent Nanping modest division" poem said "suddenly Jing midday light rabbit koe spot, playing as a spring urn goose wine." Zhao Ji, Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, said in his poem "Palace Ci", "The rabbit can even cook the cup and cloud liquid, which can relieve the beauty into the intoxication." Liao Gang "Rhyme Lu Jun tries tea to the matter" poem: "Crab eye turns cloud to connect color rise, hare hare helps snow to take sweet float." Huang Tingjian "Xijiang month" word: "rabbit brown gold silk bowl, pine crab eyes new soup." Lu You "cook tea" poem: "rabbit ou try jade dust, fragrance and color two super win." "Leisure in" poem "live eye inkstone concave appropriate ink color, long Ho Ou small tea fragrance." There are many such descriptions, and the praise for the rabbit lantern lantern is everywhere, and the rabbit lantern lantern has almost become the synonym for the building of lantern lantern in the Song Dynasty. Especially in the period of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, his "Great View Tea Treatize" stated that "the color of the cup is blue and black, while the jade is the best..." To the emperor's honor, Song Huizong a word, will be placed in the rabbit lamp build lamp a brother position.

宋代兔毫盏在建窑建盏的体系中，应当属于是生产产量有一定规模。一方面，宋代大量的诗词作者在诗词句中但凡描述点茶雅事，无不说兔毫盏，说明这些诗词作者使用的都是兔毫建盏。另一方面，目前存世的建盏中，在中国及世界各大博物馆，尤其是日本的各大博物馆，馆藏的兔毫盏相对数量都比较大。与此同时，在民间收藏界，也大量收藏有兔毫盏。在建盏遗址地，兔毫纹盏碎片也大量出土。这几大现象，验证了宋代兔毫盏的数量相对较为客观，所以才能保证市场供应，也才能满足大家的喜爱。但是供销关系在当时低下的生产能力下，肯定是供小于求。

In the system of building kiln and kiln with rabbit haojiao in Song Dynasty, it should have a certain scale of production. On the one hand, a large number of poetry writers in the Song Dynasty, whenever they describe some elegant things about tea, all say the rabbit hair cup, indicating that the writers of these poems used the rabbit hair cup. On the other hand, there are a large number of rabbit microscopes in the museums of China and the world, especially in Japan. At the same time, in the folk collection, there is also a large collection of rabbit. In the site of jianzhan, fragments of rabbit millegrain calyces were also unearthed in large numbers. These phenomena have verified that the number of rabbits in the Song Dynasty is relatively objective, so that market supply can be guaranteed and everyone's favorite can be satisfied. But the supply and marketing relationship at that time low production capacity, is certainly less than the demand.

宋代兔毫盏虽然有着一定的生产能力，但是质量却参差不齐。业界流传着宋代兔毫盏的成品率为万分一的概率其实不准确，如果说宋代兔毫的精品率是万分一则较为准确。宋代建盏成品率虽然较低，但是每一窑的生产量烧制达数万件之多，尤其是南宋时期，技术完全已经成熟，烧制的兔毫已经不仅仅局限于金兔毫，而是银毫、蓝毫，因此北宋末期的宋徽宗才会对银毫推崇至极。到了南宋陆游时期，他追求的以及是银毫和带兔毫的茶叶末釉盏，都属于兔毫中的最高等级的盏。当然，不同的温度和窑位，宋代兔毫盏虽然统称为兔毫盏，其实兔毫盏除了金兔毫、蓝兔毫、银兔毫等色泽之分外，根据兔毛之长短、形状、分布等等，还有更多的名称，例如建盏遗址地的村民们称之为的短毛、长毛、母鸡花、暗毫等等，可以说兔毫之种类，至今也是一个未知之谜。

Although rabbit haojiao had certain production capacity in Song Dynasty, its quality was uneven. The industry spread that the Song Dynasty rabbit haojiao yield rate is 10000 probability is not accurate, if the Song Dynasty rabbit haojiao quality rate is 10000 is more accurate. Although the rate of finished products built in the Song Dynasty was low, the production of each kiln was fired tens of thousands of pieces. Especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, the technology was completely mature, and the rabbit hair fired was not only limited to gold rabbit hair, but silver hair and blue hair. Therefore, in the late Northern Song Dynasty, the Song Huizong would worship the silver hair to the extreme. During the period of Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty, what he pursued were silver cups and tea glaze cups with rabbit cups, both of which belonged to the highest grade of rabbit cups. , of course, different temperature and kiln in song dynasty TuHao lamp that although referred to as TuHao lamp, actually TuHao TuHao lamp in addition to gold, and blue TuHao, silver TuHao color particularly, according to the length of rabbit hair, shape, distribution and so on, there are more names, such as building one site to the villagers as short hair, long hair, the hen flower, dark hair, etc., to say the kinds of TuHao, It's still a mystery.

此盏敞口，沿下束口，瘦底，圈足，是建窑比较典型的碗式之一。碗内外施釉，釉色黑、褐相间，内外釉面上有类似兔毫。兔毫纹理清晰，细腻流畅。垂釉较重，近足露紫黑色胎。“兔毫盏”特点是黑釉碗里、外有细长黄棕色或铁锈色条状纹，如兔毛，故名。这种兔毫纹在显微镜下呈鱼鳞状结构，毫毛两侧边沿上各有一道黑色粗条纹，是由赤铁矿晶体构成，毫毛中间由许多赤铁矿小晶体组成。建阳窑采用含铁量很高的瓷土，故胎色一般都为紫黑色。宋代崇尚斗茶之风，南方各处虽有烧造黑釉器，但都不及建窑般传送有名，黑釉“建盏”是斗茶最佳珍品，因其黑釉盏能衬托白色茶沫、观察茶色，故此深受宋代士大夫、文人等斗茶者的欢迎

This open cup, along the lower bundle mouth, thin bottom, round foot, is one of the more typical kiln bowl. The glaze inside and outside the bowl is black and brown with similar rabbit hair on the inside and outside glaze. Rabbit koe texture clear, fine and smooth. Versus glaze is heavier, near foot dew purple black embryo. "Rabbit Haojiao" is characterized by long and thin yellow brown or rust color stripes inside and outside the black glaze bowl, such as rabbit hair, hence the name. Under the microscope, the rabbit grain shows a fish-like structure. There is a thick black stripe on both sides of the hair, which is composed of hematite crystals. The middle of the hair is composed of many small hematite crystals. Jianyang kiln uses porcelain clay with high iron content, so the fetal color is generally purple black. The Song Dynasty advocated the wind of tea fighting. Although there were black glaze wares in the south, they were not as famous as the transmission of kiln. The black glaze "Jian cup" is the best treasure of tea fighting, because its black cup can foil the white tea foam and observe the brown color, so it was very popular among scholars, officials and scholars in the Song Dynasty.。